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Synchronologies

The World's Chronologies, Synchronized

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Tag: Second Intermediate Period

What Causes Severe Offsets in Ancient Egyptian Radiocarbon Dates?

December 23, 2024 Daniel Penuel Benjamin Ancient Middle Eastern chronology, Egyptian, Middle East, Radiocarbon dating One comment

The answer to the title’s question will likely cause many readers to ask themselves, “Why didn’t I think of that?”

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Were Babylonian King Hammurabi and Egyptian Pharaoh Khyan Contemporary Monarchs?

December 10, 2024 Daniel Penuel Benjamin Ancient Middle Eastern chronology, Babylonian, Egyptian, Middle East Leave a comment

Several lines of evidence argue that they were. The expression “contemporary monarchs” means they simultaneously ruled their respective countries. Since

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The Thera Eruption and the End of the Egyptian Fifteenth Dynasty

November 6, 2024 Daniel Penuel Benjamin Ancient Middle Eastern chronology, Astronomical chronology, Babylonian, Egyptian, Middle East, Minoan, Thera eruption, Venus Tablets Leave a comment

The gigantic eruption of Thera (now called Santorini) was one of human history’s most explosive volcanic events and perhaps the

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How Much of the Second Millennium BCE Conventional Middle Eastern Chronology is Correct?

August 13, 2024 Daniel Penuel Benjamin Ancient Middle Eastern chronology, Assyrian, Astronomical chronology, Babylonian, Egyptian, Middle Chronology Model, Venus Tablets One comment

Those kingdoms with relatively abundant chronological data from that millennium include Babylonia, Assyria, and Egypt. Let us begin with Babylonia

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Common Sense and the Chronology of the Twelfth Dynasty and the SIP

June 24, 2024 Daniel Penuel Benjamin Ancient Middle Eastern chronology, Egyptian, Middle East 4 comments

Once The Six Pillars is published, Egyptologists will face a challenging problem. How will they reassess the chronology of the

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Common Sense Versus the Traditional Concept of Egyptian Dynasties

June 18, 2024 Daniel Penuel Benjamin Ancient Middle Eastern chronology, Egyptian, Middle East 3 comments

Manetho’s list of Egyptian dynasties continues to confuse scholars to this day. In the eighteenth century CE, many people assumed

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